IN RE INVESTIGATION OF AN ACCIDENT WHICH OCCURRED IN THE LEHIGH VALLEY
| RAILROAD NEAR UPTON, N. Y., JULY 19, 1919. |
| September 12, 1919. |
| On July 19, 1919, there was a rear-end collision between two extra freight trains on the Lehigh |
| Valley Railroad, near Upton, N. Y., which resulted in the death of two employees and injury to one |
| employee. After investigation of this accident, which was conducted jointly with the Public Service |
| Commission of the State of new York, the Chief of the Bureau of Safety reports as follows: |
| The Buffalo Division of the Lehigh Valley Railroad, on which this accident occurred, is a double |
| track road extending between Buffalo, N. Y., and Manchester, N. Y., a distance of 97.9 miles. Train |
| movements are governed by time table, train orders transmitted by telephone and an automatic block signal |
| system. The signals are of the 3-position, upper quadrant, normal danger type; night indications being red, |
| yellow and green for stop, caution and clear respectively. The blocks average about a mile and a quarter in |
| length. |
| The accident occurred about 4 miles east of Longwood, N. Y. Proceeding eastward from Longwood, |
| the track is tangent and the grade is undulating; approaching the point of accident the grade is descending |
| at the rate of .4% for 3,67 feet, followed by *** feet of level track to the point where the accident |
| occurred; at that point the track is on a hill about 6 feet in height. Signal 4172 is located about 3 miles |
| east of Longwood station; signal 4192 is about 8,080 feet west of signal 4172. |
| The train involved in this accident were eastbound freight extra 2138 and eastbound freight extra |
| 2149, both en route from Tifft Fara, N. Y., to Manchester, N. Y. |
| Extra 2138 consisted of locomotive 2138, *** loaded and 8 empty box cars and a caboose, in charge |
| of Conductor Steward and Engineman Holcomb. It left Tifft Farm at 12:01 a.m., and arrived at Wende, 18 |
| miles east of Tifft Farm, at l:35 a.m., where a defective car was placed on a siding and the ash pan of the |
| locomotive was cleaned. Extra 2138 left Wende at 2:15 a.m., proceeding on No. 2 eastbound track, but |
| because of the engine steaming poorly, was compelled to travel at reduced speed. The train had reached a |
| point about half a mile west of Upton, when it stalled on account of low steam pressure; while standing |
| there, with the rear and of the train 4,680 feet east of signal 4172, it was struck by extra 2149 at about |
| 3:25 a.m. |
| Extra 2149 consisted of locomotive 2149, *** loaded ore cars, 3 box cars and a caboose, in charge |
| of Conductor Lohman and Engineman Freemyer. It left Tifft Farm at 1:00 a.m., arrived at Wende at *** |
| a.m., and departed at 2:40 a.m. It was running at a speed estimated at from 20 to 30 miles an hour, end had |
| passed signals 4192 and 4172, when it collided with the rear end of extra 2138. |
| The steel underframe caboose and 2 wooded box cars in train extra 2138 were badly damaged, while 4 |
| all-steel hopper coal cars were derailed. Engine 2149 came to rest on its left side, across the westbound |
| track, but no cars in extra 2149 *** damaged. At the time of the accident the weather was foggy. |
| Engineman Holcomb, of extra 2138, stated that while in places the fog bung in banks, it was not |
| heavy enough to obsoure signals and switch lights, and he had no trouble in observing signals from Tifft |
| Farm to the point of accident; when hey stopped at Upton to get up steam, he could see his caboose markers, |
| *** car lengths *** Although he knew the rules required him to whistle out his flagman, he said he did not |
| do so and did not observe that the flagman went back. When they were ready to depart, he sounded the whistle |
| to call in the flagman and looked back for a signal. He saw the light from an approaching headlight and |
| remarked to the fireman that extra 2149 was behind them. Receiving no signals from the flagman, he again |
| sounded the whistle calling him in, but when he next locked back, he *** no headlight and concluded that |
| Engineman Freemyer had *** his headlight in order that it might not *** with visibility of signals. When he |
| had sounded the whistle for the flagman the third time, he noticed the air pressure slowly diminishing and |
| soon afterwards, Brakeman Fitts came the engine and reported the collision. He stated that felt no jar on |
| the engine and that the slack of the train was not bunched 30 or 35 cars from the engine. He did not know |
| what time it was when they stopped near Upton, but thought his train had been standing there about 10 |
| minutes before being struck. He thought that, in spits of the fog, he could have seen a caboose ahead of him |
| between a quarter and half mile *** |
| Fireman McGuirk, of extra 2138 stated that engine 2138 was not steaming well and they had to stop |
| and clean the ash pan east of Lake Shore Bridge and also at Wende. They had been standing west of Upton |
| waiting for steam for about 10 minutes when he saw the headlight of extra 2149. |
| Head Brakeman Demicke, of extra 2138, stated the fog was rather light and he had no trouble in |
| seeing signals a distance of half a mile. He said they stopped near Upton at 3:15 a.m. and the train had |
| been standing about 5 minutes before being struck. He was standing on the deck of the engine looking for a |
| signal and said he could see the markers of the caboose and saw the headlight of extra 2149 approaching. |
| Flagman Colleran of extra 2138, stated that he knew extra 2149 was due to follow them from Tifft |
| Farm and when his train was leaving Wende, he saw the headlight of that train. He stated that the two |
| markere and a deck light on the caboose were burning brightly when his train stopped and that within two |
| minutes thereafter he went back with white and red lanterns and torpedoes. Although he had fusees on the |
| caboose, he did not take any with him when he went back, as he did not think the weather conditions were such |
| as to require their use. When he had gone back come some distance he saw the ways of a headlight over the |
| hill and heard the sound of an engine working steam, which he estimated was then about three-quarters of a |
| mile away. He started swinging his lanterns across the tracks, but when extra 2149 did not answer his |
| signals, he proceeded back at a faster pace, and at a point about 10 car lengths back from the caboose placed |
| a torpedo on the rail. He said he heard Engineman Holcomb whistle him in once, but he kept on going back. |
| He was about 20 car lengths from the rear of his caboose, on the engineman’s side of the track when engine |
| 2149 passed him at a speed he estimated at 40 miles an hour. He shouted at the engineman, but stated he was |
| no one on the engine. He stated that Engineman Freemyer did not shut off steam until after he exploded the |
| torpedo and the then saw fire flying from the brakes. He thought his train had been standing about 5 minutes |
| before it was struck. He stated that after the accident Engineman Freemyer told him that he had a clear |
| signal and did not look for extra 2138. Flagman Colleran stated that he could see as far as the first |
| automatic signal east of where his train stopped, which was about 10 car lengths ahead of the locomotive, and |
| that when he looked at the signal it was clear. while he did not consider 900 feet ample distance in which to |
| protect his train under the circumstances, he said he kept walking back from the time his train stopped until |
| he was passed by extra 2149 and he considered that he got back as far as he could in the time he had. |
| Middle Brakeman Fitts, of extra 2138, stated that when the train stopped west of Upton he looked |
| at his watch and it was 3:15 a.m. He was sitting in the caboose apposite Flagman Colleran, and within a |
| minute after the train stopped Flagman Colleran got off the caboose with red and whit lanterns. He saw the |
| flagman going back, then the sound of an engine working steam caused him to look out of the caboose door and |
| he saw extra 2149 approaching, 20 or 25 car lengths away. He yelled to the conductor to jump, then ran out |
| and pumped off; after picking himself up, he looked at his watch and it was 3:25 a.m. He thought his train |
| had been standing about 7 minutes when it was struck. He did not hear any torpedo. He stated that the |
| markers and a deck light on the caboose were burning before the collision and thought they could be seen a |
| distance of 60 car lengths. |
| Conductor Lohman, of extra 2149, stated that the airbrakes were tested at Tifft Farm and although |
| it was customary for the air brake inspector to notify the engineman, either verbally or by a card, of the |
| number of cars with air brakes working, this was not done. He said he took particular notice that the air |
| brakes applied on all cars on the rear end and that the pressure gauge in the caboose registered between 68 |
| and 70 pounds. He stated that after leaving Tifft Farm, the air brakes were not applied until the stop at |
| Wende, at which time they operated satisfactorily. At Wende, he and the middle brakeman made an inspection |
| of the train and upon arrival at the head and, found Engineman Freemyer working on the engine. Signal 4292, |
| east of Wende, showed yellow and Engineman Freemyer said that, as the block was yellow, they might as well |
| wait there and give extra 2138 *** chance to at ahead and they would then get a clear signal; therefore they |
| waited for signal *** to clear before departing. The only signal he noticed after leaving Wende was signal |
| *** which indicated caution. He was in the caboose and was knocked off the seat by the shock which followed |
| the emergency application of the brakes. He estimated the speed of his train at 30 miles an hour. He said |
| that after the accident he observes Signal *** and it was then working properly, and that also after the |
| accident, he heard engineman Freemyer state that he had two clear signals. |
| Engineman Freemyer, of train extra 2149, stated that before leaving Tifft Farm, a test of air |
| brakes was made and although he knew the rules required that he be advised of the number of cars in his train |
| with operative air brakes, the air brake inspector did not notify him; it had been 2 years since the printed |
| form for this purpose had been used. He stated he had no occasion to use the automatic brakes at any time |
| between Tifft Farm and the point of accident; he used the independent brake in making the stop at Wende |
| water plug, without detaching the engine from the train. He stated that he knew of *** automatic signals |
| between Tifft Farm and the point of accident and that he and Fireman Hartman called the indications of most |
| of these signals, excepting possibly two or three at *** and that he had no occasion to call the indications |
| to his fireman’s attention more than once. Approaching Wende Signal 4294 west of the water plug, indicated |
| caution and he proceeded down to the water plug and took water. As he was pulling up to the water plug he |
| was the markers on the rear end of the caboose of extra 2138. While he was packing some *** cups, Conductor |
| Lohman come to the engine and said he was ready to go, to which he replied; ”He use being in a hurry; extra |
| 2138 has just left and if we let them set put of the way *** won’t have to stop on the grade. While they |
| were talking, signal *** east of Wende, cleared and they then *** He stated the they encountered only clear |
| signals until *** he had slackened speed and use proceeding over the hill at a speed of 18 or 20 miles and |
| hour, with engine *** shut off, when he observed the caution indication of signal *** he called the |
| indication of the *** to him fireman when they were between 200 and 300 feet west of it, and the fireman |
| acknowledged it. When he passed Signal *** he could not see the *** of signal *** an account of the fog. He |
| then proceeded at *** speed to a point where he *** see the indication of signal *** and stated positively |
| that it was in clear position, he remarked to the fireman; What man is going right along, we have a clear |
| block.” He said he did not always check the light indication by the position of the *** he observed Signal |
| 417, he read the indication only by the color of the light. At this time the fireman and on the deck of the |
| engine an he could not *** whether or not he observed the signal, but he replied; ”all right, go ahead.” He |
| then gave the engine steam, but after passing Signal 4178 he thought he heard a grossing *** from one of the |
| cylinders and looked at the lubricator to see if it was feeding, then tried the water. After he trick the |
| water he locked out of the cab window, which was open. They were just passing through a fog bank at this |
| time, *** upon looking through his clear-vision window in front, saw a flagman at the head of the engine, on |
| the right hand side, with a white *** and about the same time, a little buy no the flagman, the rear end of |
| extra 2138 He immediately closed the *** applied the brakes in emergency, but the air did not seem t take |
| hold, and he then *** the engine, jumped down on the *** of the engine, *** to the fireman and brakeman to |
| jump, and was *** in his jumping off by the brakeman crowing him. He estimated the *** at time he applied |
| the brakes at not over *** miles an hour and said his engine was about *** car lengths away from the caboose |
| of extra 2135. He stated he did not hear any torpedo explode and that the fog prevented him from seeing the |
| flagman and the rear end of extra ***then he did, although he maintained that he could see the signals above |
| the fog. |
| Engineman Freemyer stated he was in good physical condition to take out his train on this trip. He |
| stated that on July 17 he reversed for duty at East Buffalo at 2:15 p.m., made a trip to Manchester where |
| he had about *** hours sleep, was called at 2:00 a.m., July *** and went off duty at 8:45 a.m. at Tifft |
| Farm. He then went home and went to bed at about 9:45 and got up at 12:45 p.m. When he learned at about 7:35 |
| p.m. that he was second out he again went t bed and was called a *** to take out extra 2149 at 12:01 a.m. |
| While at the time he reported for duty on this trip he had been off duty for about 15 hours, and at the time |
| of the accident he had been an duty 3 hours and *** minutes; according to his statement he had had only about |
| *** hours, *** in a period of about *** hours, and this about of sleep was secured in *** different periods. |
| He stated that at the time he saw signal *** indicating clear, he was sitting down and looking out the side |
| window. He then *** started the engine to work, and it was *** he had passed the signal that he looked at |
| the lubricator and tried the water. |
| Fireman *** of extra 2149, stated that the automatic brakes were not used after they left Tifft |
| Farm, that their headlight was burning brightly when they left Wende and that, although the fog hung rather |
| low, signals could between a distance of half a mile. He was familiar with the rule that engineman and |
| fireman exchange the indications of signals with one an other and said that they passed *** signals between |
| Tifft Form and Wende, but that he personally *** only two of those signals and after leaving Wende, *** |
| only one signal, east of *** which indicated clear. Approaching Longwood, he heard Engineman Freemyer call |
| a yellow signal, but he did not see it, then later on, the engineman called a clear signal, but he could not |
| say which signal was referred to. At the time of the accident he was back in the tender, breaking coal, and |
| did not see the flagman or markers of extra 2138, nor hear any torpedo. He estimated the speed of his train |
| just previous to the accident at about 25 or 30 miles an hour an did not think it was reduced before the |
| collision. |
| Middle Brakeman *** of extra 2149, stated that when they left Tifft Farm, the gauge in the caboose |
| registered about 65 pounds. He could see signals about 3/4 of a mile away. When he first *** the flagman of |
| extra 2138, he was about 10 car lengths in front of their engine and his train was running at about 30 miles |
| an hour. He said Signal *** was in stop position after the accident. |
| Flagman *** of extra 2149, stated that they encountered fog soon after leaving Tifft Form and it |
| became moredense as they proceeded. He estimated they were running 25 or *** miles an hour at the time of |
| the accident. He said that within |
