INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION
| REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE BUREAU OF SAFETY IN RE INVESTIGATION OF AN |
| ACCIDENT WHICH OCCURRED ON THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD NEAR RUMMERFIELD, PA., |
| ON DECEMBER 30, 1926. |
| January 25, 1927. |
| To the Commission: |
| On December 30, 1926, there was a rear-end collision between two freight trains on the Lehigh |
| Valley Railroad near Rummerfield, Pa., which resulted in the death of two employees and the injury of one |
| employee. The investigation of this accident was made in conjunction with representatives of the Public |
| Service Commission of Pennsylvania. |
| Location and method of operation |
| This accident occurred on that part of the Seneca Division extending between Tunkhannock and |
| Sayre, Pa., a distance of 64 miles, which is a double-track line over which trains are separated by |
| time-table, train orders and an automatic block-signal system. The point of accident was approximately 2,750 |
| feet east of Rummerfield; approaching this point from the east there is a 1 degree 35′ curve to the left |
| 3,918.9 feet in length and then 1,000 feet of tangent, followed by a 1 degree 40′ curve to the left 910 feet |
| in length, the accident occurring at a point just west of the western end of this curve. The grade is |
| practically level. |
| The signals involved in this accident are of the three-position upper-quadrant type, operating on |
| the approach lighting principle; the indications are red, yellow, and green, for stop, caution, and proceed, |
| respectively. Signals 2411 and 2391 are located 9,050 feet and about 3-1/2 miles, respectively, east of the |
| point of accident. The view of signal 2411 from the engineman’s side of a westbound train is restricted to |
| about 2,200 feet, while signal 2391 can be seen a distance of about 950 feet; a caboose at the point of |
| accident can be seen by an engineman a distance of about 1,500 feet and by a fireman for a distance of more |
| than 5,000 feet. |
| The weather was slightly hazy and it was just breaking day at the time of the accident, which |
| occurred at about 6.55 a. m. |
| Description |
| Westbound freight train extra 461 consisted of 80 cars and a caboose, hauled by engine 461, and was |
| in charge of Conductor Segar and Engineman Litzleman. This train departed from Laceyville, 18.9 miles east |
| of Rummerfield, at 3.53 a.m. and after considerable delay in passing trains at Homet’s Ferry, 3.9 miles |
| east of Rummerfield, the train again proceeded and wan stopped for water at Rummerfield at about 6.35 a. m. |
| After taking water the train started and had attained a speed of about 10 miles per hour when its rear end |
| was struck by extra 2111. |
| Westbound freight train extra 2111, designated as JB-1, consisted of 55 cars and a caboose, hauled |
| by engine 2111, and was in charge of Conductor McHale and Engineman Johnson. This train stopped for water |
| at Laceyville at 5.48 a.m., departed from that point at 6.20 a. m., and collided with extra 461 at |
| Rummerfield while traveling at a speed estimated to have been between 35 and 40 miles per hour. |
| The caboose of extra 461 was demolished, while the first wine cars ahead of the caboose were |
| derailed and scattered on both sides of the right of way. Engine 2111 came to rest nearly upright at a point |
| about 340 feet beyond the point of collision, while the first 11 cars in extra 2111 were derailed, except the |
| forward truck of the tenth car, and came to rest in various positions on the right of way. The employees |
| killed were the engineman End fireman of extra 2111. |
| Summary of evidence |
| Engineman Litzleman, of extra 461, stated that all the signals from Homet’s Ferry to Rummerfield |
| were in the clear position and while the weather as a little hazy he did not have any difficulty in |
| distinguishing their indications. His train was stopped at Rummerfield for water, and after a delay of about |
| 10 minutes he whistled in the flagman, waited about one minute and then started his train without any signal |
| from the rear end as he was in a hurry to get started knowing he was on short time ahead of extra 2111, which |
| was a fast train. After moving about 15 or 20 car-lengths his train was stopped by an emergency application |
| of the air brakes, which at that time he assumed was caused by a burst air hose, but later he learned that it |
| was due to the collision. The statements of Fireman Gordon and Head Brakeman Hartshorn were similar to |
| those of Enginemen Litzleman, except that the firemen did not observe the signal indications between |
| Homet’s Ferry and Rummerfield. |
| Conductor Segar, of extra 461, stated that after his train stopped for water at Rummerfield his |
| flagman started back to flag, equipped with red and white lights and torpedoes. The conductor then started |
| forward alongside the train for the purpose of inspecting it and he did not know how far back the flagman |
| went before being called in by the engineman, but he presumed it was about 25 or 30 car-lengths. After his |
| train started he got on the caboose and stationed himself on the rear platform, and shortly afterward he |
| noticed the reflection of the headlight of the approaching train around the mountain east of signal 2411. He |
| observed that the approaching train did not stop at signal 2411 and shortly afterward he heard the explosion |
| of two torpedoes, but still no effort was made to reduce its speed, the engine continuing to work steam. In |
| the meantime the flagman, who was also riding on the rear platform of the caboose, was giving violent stop |
| signals with his red lantern, but these signals were not acknowledged. When the approaching train was within |
| a distance of about 40 rods of his train Conductor Segar realized it was not going to stop and he said he |
| jumped from the caboose to the eastbound main track and started running toward the approaching train, on the |
| fireman’s side; when the engine passed him he did not see any one in the cab, the windows of which were |
| closed. He estimated the speed of his own train at 10 miles per hour and of extra 2111 at 35 to 40 miles per |
| hour at the time of the collision. Conductor Segar further stated that fusees were not thrown off as he |
| thought his train was amply protected by the automatic signals, the torpedoes, and the stop signals being |
| given by the flagman, in addition to the markers on his caboose which were burning brightly at the time of |
| the accident. |
| Flagman Newland, of extra 461, stated that as his train was approaching Rummerfield he got off the |
| caboose about 30 car-lengths from where it stopped, having in his possession torpedoes and red and white |
| lanterns, and stayed at that point until called in about five or six minutes later, at which time he placed |
| two torpedoes on the right rail about one rail-length apart and returned to the caboose; he then gave the |
| engineman a proceed signal and entered the caboose but shortly afterward returned to the rear platform when |
| he heard a train approaching. He heard the torpedoes explode, noticed that the engine of extra 2111 |
| continued to work steam, and then began giving stop signals with his red lantern; these signals were not |
| acknowledged by the engineman of the approaching train. The statements of Brakeman Durham, of extra 461, |
| who was riding in the caboose of his train until just before the accident occurred, established nothing of |
| importance to the investigation; he stated however that he thought the conductor did not leave the caboose at |
| Rummerfield, that the flagman did not go back until the train stopped, and he wan not positive that he heard |
| torpedoes exploded. |
| Brakeman Curry, of extra 2111 stated that he boarded the engine at Laceyville, told the fireman he |
| would shovel coal into the stoker in the tank, and that he ,yes in the coal space continuously from that |
| point to the point of accident except for a short interval while his train was near Homet’s Ferry; at this |
| point the reflector fell off tile steam gauge and he entered the cab, picked it up and handed it to the |
| engineman, again returning to the coal space and resuming his work of shoveling coal. He noticed the |
| engineman standing up and replacing the reflector, but did not know as to whether or not the engineman had |
| completed that task before the collision occurred, although he also made a statement that shortly before the |
| collision he noticed the fireman standing on the deck of the engine near the stoker feed, at which time the |
| engineman appeared to be looking ahead. Brakeman Curry further stated that he did not observe the position |
| of any of the signals between Laceyville and the point of collision; that he did not hear the explosion of |
| torpedoes, although they could have exploded without his knowledge on account of the noise of the stoker; |
| that no stone were made between Laceyville and the point of accident, and that as far as he knew no |
| application of the air brakes were made just before the collision occurred. He also said that this was his |
| fourth trip with Engineman Johnson, who had always appeared to be very careful, and that in occasional |
| conversation with Engineman Johnson during the, trip on which this accident occurred he had appeared to be |
| in possession of his faculties at all times. |
| The statements of Conductor McHale and Flagman Wernet, of extra 2111, who were riding in the |
| caboose at the time of the accident, were to the effect that they were unaware of the impending collision |
| until it occurred. Neither noticed the position of the automatic signals as their caboose passed them, but |
| Flagman Warnet stated that when he went back to flag after the accident he noticed a following train stop at |
| signal 2411, which was then displaying a stop indication. Both of these employees stated that the air brakes |
| had been used several times en route and appeared to work satisfactorily in all cases, but that they were not |
| applied when the point of accident. |
| The statements of members of the crew of westbound extra 430, which preceded extra 161 from Homet’s |
| Ferry, were to the effect that all signals between that point and Rummerfield were in the clear position at |
| the time their train passed them, while the statements of various members of two train crews which followed |
| extra 2111 indicated that signal 2391 was displaying a caution indication and signal 2411 a stop indication. |
| Signal Maintainer Lewis stated that the signals involved were tested a short time prior to the |
| accident and found to be working properly. He arrived at the scene of the accident about 9 a. m. on the day |
| it occurred and with the assistance of two other signal maintainers careful examination was made of the |
| signals; they were found to be functioning satisfactorily. |
| Conclusions |
| This accident was caused primarily by failure properly to observe and obey automatic signal |
| indication, for which Engineman Johnson and Fireman Langan, of extra 2111, were responsible. |
| The evidence indicated that signals 2391 and 2411 were operating properly when passed by extras 430 |
| and 461, while they ere also displaying proper indications when observed by the crew of the train which was |
| following extra 2111; examination of the signal apparatus subsequent to the accident failed to disclose any |
| irregularities and it seems clearly apparent that these signals were displaying caution and stop indications, |
| respectively, when extra 2111 passed them and that for some reason these indications were not observed or |
| obeyed. |
| In fact, the evidence indicated that no application of the air brakes was made either when passing |
| the signals in question or even when approaching the point of accident, which latter point could have been |
| seen by the fireman in ample time to have prevented the occurrence of the accident while the view from the |
| engineman’s side of the cab was sufficient to have enabled him to bring his train nearly to a stop. Head |
| Brakeman Curry of extra 2111 could not state definitely just what the engineman and fireman were doing as |
| the train approached the point of accident; it is possible they were both on the engineman’s side of the cab, |
| engaged in adjusting the reflector which had fallen off the steam gauge, but this is merely a matter of |
| conjecture. |
| Without discussing the statements of the conductor, middle brakeman and flagman of extra 461, which |
| were conflicting in many details, attention is called to the fact that the flagman said he put down two |
| torpedoes and both he and the conductor said they heard them explode. Head Brakeman Curry, of extra 2111, |
| however, said he did not hear them. |
| Had an adequate automatic train-control device been in use on this line this accident would have |
| been prevented. |
| The employees involved were experienced men, and at the time of the accident none of them had been |
| on duty in violation of any of the provisions of the hours of service law. |
| Respectfully submitted, |
| W. P. BORLAND, |
| Director. |
