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ACCIDENT WHICH OCCURRED ON THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD NEAR GLEN ONOKO">
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REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF THE BUREAU OF SAFETY IN RE INVESTIGATION OF AN |
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ACCIDENT WHICH OCCURRED ON THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD NEAR GLEN ONOKO, PA., |
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On October 19, 1922, there was a rear-end collision between a passenger train and a freight train |
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on the Lehigh Valley Railroad near Glen Onoko, Pa., resulting in the death of 1 employee, and the injury |
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Location and method of operation. |
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This accident occurred on that part of the New Jersey and Lehigh Division extending between |
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Hokendauqua and Penn Haven Junction, Pa., a distance of 32.8 miles; in the vicinity of the point of |
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accident this is a double-track line over which trains are operated by time-table, train orders, and an |
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automatic block-signal system. The accident occurred approximately 7,000 feet of Glen Onoko, according to |
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time-table direction; approaching this point from the east there are several sharp curves and short tangents, |
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followed by a compound curve to the left 1,852 feet in length, the accident occurring on this curve at a |
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point 1,123 feet from its eastern end, where the curvature is 1 degree 27'. The grade is 0.752 per cent |
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ascending for westbound trains for a considerable distance seat and west of the point of accident. In this |
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vicinity the main tracks of the Central Railroad of New Jersey lie between the Lehigh River and the main |
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tracks of the Lehigh Valley Railroad, the tracks of both roads paralleling the river; the eastbound main |
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track of the Central Railroad of New Jersey is immediately adjacent to the westbound main track of the |
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The automatic block signals are of the three-position, upper-quadrant type, normally displaying |
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stop indications; the night indications are red, yellow, and green, for stop, caution and proceed, |
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respectively. Westbound signal 1261 is located 571 feet east of the point of accident, while 6,495 feet |
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farther east is located signal 1251. Under the rules, when an automatic block-signal displays a caution |
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indication, trains must approach the next home signal prepared to stop; they also provide that block signals |
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control the use of the blocks, but, unless otherwise provided, do not supersede the superiority of trains, |
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nor dispense with the use or the observance of other signals whenever and where ever they may be required. |
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Although in the immediate vicinity of the point of accident there are large cliffs, the tracks passing |
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through the valley, an unobstructed view can be obtained of signal 1261 for a distance of approximately 2,300 |
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feet. The weather was clear at the time of the accident, which occurred at about 11.55 p.m. |
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Westbound freight train extra 2147 consisted of 43 cars and a caboose, hauled by engine 2147, and |
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was in charge of Conductor Dunn and Engineman Fisher. This train passed Mauch Chunk, the last open office |
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and 2.3 miles east of Glen Onoko, at 11.03 p.m., and on reaching a point approximately 1.3 miles west of |
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Glen Onoko it was brought to a stop with the rear end of the caboose 571 feet west of signal 1261, on |
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account of the automatic stoker being out of order; it was standing at this point when struck by train No. |
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Westbound passenger train No. 5 consisted of 1 mail car, 2 coaches, 1 club car, and 5 Pullman |
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sleeping cars, in the order named, of all-steel construction, hauled by engine 2030, and was in charge of |
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Conductor Mack and Engineman Coyle. This train left Mauch Chunk at 11.48 p.m., on time, passed signal |
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1251, which was displaying a caution indication, passed signal 1261, which was displaying a stop indication, |
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and while travelling at a speed of about 10 or 12 miles an hour collided with extra 2147. |
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The caboose was telescoped practically its entire length, the superstructure coming to rest over |
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the boiler of engine 2030; the car ahead of the caboose was derailed. None of the other equipment in either |
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train was derailed or materially damaged. The employee killed was the head brakeman of extra 2147, who was |
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riding in the caboose at the time of the accident. |
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Immediately after extra 2147 came to a stop west of signal 1261, Flagman Schatzle went back to |
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flag, taking a position opposite signal 1261, while Conductor Dann endeavoured to repair an air leak on the |
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car next to the Caboose. Being unable to accomplish his purpose, Conductor Dunn started to bleed the air |
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off this car, and while so doing Engineman Fisher sounded several blasts of the engine whistle. Five blasts |
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is the signal which would have been given to call in Flagman Schatzle, and six blasts is the customary |
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signal when it is desired that the conductor come to the head of the train. Thinking he had been called in, |
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Flagman Schatzle placed two torpedoes on the rail just west of signal 1261, and started walking toward the |
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caboose. When within 4 or 5 car-lengths of it he shouted to Conductor Dunn that he had been called in, |
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having understood the signal given to be five blasts of the whistle. Conductor Dunn was confused as to the |
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signal given, and as the train did not start, the conductor went forward, while the flagman again went back |
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and had reached signal 1261 when he heard train No. 5 approaching; although it was a considerable distance |
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away, he made no attempt to go back any farther, being of the impression this would accomplish noting, but |
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flagged it from signal 1261. He said no response was received to his flag signals until the train was about |
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an engine-length away, at which time steam was shut off, and the air brakes applied in emergency, the |
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collision occurring immediately after. Flagman Schatzle admitted there was ample time at his disposal to |
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have gone back a greater distance than he did on this occasion, and had he done so and then placed torpedoes |
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on the rail, the attention of Engineman Coyle would probably have been attracted in time to have averted the |
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accident. Conductor Dunn had gone forward about half the length of his train when the accident occurred; on |
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reaching the engine he was informed that six blasts of the engine whistle had been sounded. He was aware |
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extra 2147 was occupying the westbound main track close on the time of train No. 5; but although he saw |
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Flagman Schatzle start back the second time, which was just after he had shouted about being called in, he |
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did not know how far back he went, as they started in opposite directions simultaneously and on account of |
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walking forward on the right side of the train the cars standing on the curve to the left soon hid them from |
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each other's view. Conductor Dunn also stated that as Head Brakeman Price had complained of not feeling |
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well, he permitted him to lie down in the caboose. |
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Engineman Coyle stated at the time train No. 5 passed signal 1251 a caution indication was |
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displayed, at which time he estimated the speed of his train to have been between 40 and 45 miles an hour. |
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As he knew this block was unoccupied and the train could be brought to a stop in a comparatively short |
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distance, owing to the ascending grade which extended the entire length of, and for a considerable distance |
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west of this block section, he did not shut off steam at this time, intending to do so in ample time to stop |
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before reaching signal 1261 in the event it was displaying a stop indication. However, on reaching a point |
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approximately 1,500 feet west of signal 1251, there was a train standing on the eastbound main track of the |
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Central Railroad of New Jersey, with the headlight burning brightly, and owing to the close proximity of |
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the tracks at this point, Engineman Coyle drew his head inside the cab window. At this juncture his |
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attention was diverted to the water glass, and he temporarily forgot he was running under a caution signal. |
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Fireman Blank had been working on the fire during this time, but, when about 200 feet east of signal 1261 he |
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stepped to the left side of the gangway to get a breadth of fresh air, at which time he saw signal 1261 was |
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displaying a stop indication, and just as he called its indication, Engineman Coyle also saw it. Engineman |
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Coyle immediately shut off steam, opened the sanders, and made an emergency application of the air brakes, |
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after which the torpedoes were exploded and he then saw Flagman Schatzle. He stated that Flagman Schatzle |
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was about half way between the rear end of the caboose of extra 2147 and signal 1261, and estimated the speed |
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of his train at the time of the accident to have been about 10 miles an hour. |
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The air brakes on train No. 5 had been working property and nothing unusual was noticed in making |
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the various stops en route. |
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This accident was caused by the failure of Engineman Coyle, of train No. 5, properly to observe |
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and be governed by automatic block signal indications, and the failure of Flagman Schatzle and Conductor |
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Dunn to provide proper protection for the rear of extra 2147. |
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Had Engineman Coyle operated his train as required by the rules and maintained a proper lookout |
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when he approached signal 1261 he would have been able to bring his train to a stop in time to avert the |
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accident not withstanding the lack of adequate flag protection, but according to the evidence his attention |
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was diverted from the track ahead to some part of the engine. Engineman Coyle admitted he should have seen |
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the stop indication of signal 1261 from a much greater distance, and that he should have approached this |
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Rule 99 of the rules for the government of the operating department, reads in part as follows: |
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"When a train stops or is delayed, under circumstances in which it may be overtaken by |
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another train, the flagman must go back immediately with stop signals and proceed rapidly to a |
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distance sufficient to insure full protection, where he must remain until called in, or if an |
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approaching train is within sight or hearing, until it has stopped." |
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Although there is some conflict in the testimony as to just how far back Flagman Schatzle actually |
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was when train No. 5 passed him, according to his own statement he was back less than 500 feet; he admitted |
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there was ample time at his disposal to have gone back a much greater distance. He considered, however, that |
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he was back a sufficient distance in view of the range of vision to be had by an approaching engineman. Had |
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he gone back a sufficient distance then placed the torpedoes on the rail, as required by the rules, even |
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though Engineman Coule temporarily forgot the caution indication displayed at the time train No. 5 passed |
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signal 1251, and was not keeping a proper lookout ahead for the indication of signal 1261, when the torpedoes |
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were exploded it would undoubtedly have given warning of danger ahead in ample time to have averted the |
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accident. Conductor Dunn was fully aware extra 2147 was occupying the westbound main track close on the time |
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of train No. 5, therefore, he should have ascertained beyond doubt that ample protection was afforded to the |
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This accident again directs attention to the necessity for the use of automatic train control |
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devices which will intervene to stop a train whenever for any reason an engineman fails to see or to heed a |
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stop signal. Had an adequate automatic train control device been in use at this point, this accident would |
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no doubt have been averted. |
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Engineman Coyle entered the service of this railroad in February, 1881, as a trainman, was |
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promoted to fireman in December, 1893, and engineman in 1896, while Conductor Dunn was employed as a |
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trainman in December, 1895; Flagman Schatzle entered the service as a trainman in 1904, and qualified for |
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the position of conductor in March, 1917. Their records were good. Engineman Coyle had been on duty less |
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than 21/2 hours, after having been off duty for approximately 50 hours, while Conductor Dunn and Flagman |
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Schatzle had been on duty about 3 hours, after having been off duty 81/2 hours. |
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